Good morning and welcome to the Allegro MicroSystems second quarter fiscal year 2027 earnings call. At this time, our participants are in a listen-only mode. After the speaker's presentation, we'll open up for questions. To ask a question during a session, you'll need to press star 11 on your telephone. You then hear an automated message advising your hand is raised. To withdraw your question, please press star 101 again. Please be advised that today's conference is being recorded. I would like to hand the conference over to Jalene Hoover, Vice President of Investor Relations and Corporate Communications.

Thank you, Victor. Good morning, and thank you for joining us today to discuss Allegro's second quarter fiscal year 2027 results. I'm joined today by Allegro's President and Chief Executive Officer, Mike Doogue, and Allegro's Chief Financial Officer, Derek D'Antilio. They will provide highlights of our business, review our second quarter 2027 financial results, and share our third quarter outlook. We will follow our prepared remarks with the Q&A session. Today's call includes remarks about future expectations, plans, and prospects, which are forward-looking statements. are based on current expectations and assumptions as of today's date and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results and events to differ materially from those anticipated or projected on today's call. The company assumes no obligation to update these statements except as required by law. For a discussion of these risks and uncertainties, please refer to today's press release and the risk factors contained in our periodic SEC filings. Additionally, we will refer to non-GAAP financial measures during today's call. Today's earnings press release, which is available on the investor relations page of our website at www.allegro-micro.com, contains important information about our non-GAAP financial presentation and also includes reconciliations of our non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures. This call is also being webcast and a replay will be available in the events and presentations section of our IR page shortly. It is now my pleasure to turn the call over to Allegro's President and CEO, Mike Doogue. Mike?

Thank you very much, Jalene, and good morning. Thank you all for joining our second quarter 2027 earnings call. We saw continued strong momentum in fiscal Q2, delivering our seventh consecutive quarter of sequential sales growth. Second quarter sales were $277 million above the high end of our guidance range and representing a 29% increase year over year. Non-GAAP EPS was 26 cents, doubling over the second quarter of fiscal 2026. I am pleased to report that our forward demand signals are flashing green. In Q2, we delivered our highest quarterly design wind performance since our 2020 IPO. with total design wins increasing nearly 40% year-over-year. This success is directly translating to our order book. Bookings increased for the eighth consecutive quarter, up 45% year-over-year, and our backlog continued to expand across our automotive and industrial end markets. In our annual stay earlier this year, we outlined our strategy to drive mid-teen sales growth through dollar content and share gains in secular growth markets. These design win, booking, and backlog metrics that I just mentioned, combined with stronger auto and industrial sales growth, indicate that our strategy is progressing ahead of schedule. In automotive, second quarter sales grew 4% sequentially and 11% year over year. This marks the sixth consecutive quarter of double-digit year over year growth within our automotive business, and we expect this momentum to continue. Our auto sales growth is underpinned by the architectural shifts towards the electrification of the powertrain, the transition to advanced safety systems, and the shift to electronic architectures in steering and braking. As a result, automotive design wins hit a new record in the second quarter with more than 75% of these wins in XEV and ADAS systems. For example, During the quarter, we secured an impactful, highly strategic design win with a leading North American EV manufacturer, capturing direct market share from a competitor. We won this OEM's next-generation onboard charger platform, utilizing our higher-bandwidth 5 MHz current sensors. In addition, again with this same OEM, we secured a major motor driver win in their vehicle cooling system. These are large wins with initial product shipping in the next 12 months. At ADAS, we recently secured a strategic electronic power steering design with a leading Japanese OEM, gaining market share with our safety grade, high accuracy magnetic position sensors. This win illustrates a broader trend. Today, as automakers upgrade traditional steering and braking systems to support higher levels of autonomy, They require ICs that are more precise and that can deliver higher levels of automotive safety. This upgrade cycle is a significant growth multiplier for us, driving our dollar content per vehicle higher and fueling our ADAS design wins in the second quarter. As a reminder, our dollar content per braking system can increase by roughly 4x when an automaker transitions to electromechanical braking otherwise known as EMB. EMB is no longer just a future opportunity. This quarter, one of our customers is actively shipping multiple Allegro ICs into one of the world's first vehicles to deploy EMB systems. This powerful content over market dynamic supports Allegro's continued outgrowth of the broader automotive market. Moving to our industrial and other business, second quarter sales increased 11% sequentially and 79% year over year, establishing a new record. Data Center also achieved record sales of $46 million in the second quarter, growing more than 150% year over year. Almost every time I talk to one of our marketing or product managers, I hear about fresh and highly positive customer feedback regarding our data center solutions, or I hear about a new business win with both new and existing data center customers. Why? Just one example. The escalating power and higher voltage demands of modern AI workloads serve as a direct catalyst for our current sensor portfolio. As rack power densities surge, the legacy resistive shunts and bulky transformers that have historically measured current in server power supplies They generate too much heat and take up too much space. These thermal and spatial constraints in the data center, coupled with the critical need for high voltage isolation, are driving the rapid adoption of our advanced magnetic current sensors inside high density power supplies. During the quarter, our current sensors secured more than 10 design wins with top Taiwanese power supply providers for use in hyperscaler power supply units, Battery Backup Units, and UPS Systems. These power systems range from 5 to 30 kilowatt and include winds across new 800 volt architectures. These were major high-value winds, and as a result, our current sensor design winds for data center applications more than doubled sequentially in the quarter. These winds underpinned the rapid and near-term growth of our current sensors in the data center. Winds like this with sticky and diversified new products also support our strategy to significantly grow Allegro's data center dollar content opportunity from $150 to more than $425 per rack. Of course, we continue to invest in R&D to fuel growth. In data center, earlier this week, we launched new higher isolation current sensors, footprint shrinking isolated gate drivers, and intelligent 48-volt fan drivers to help developers deliver massive computing performance upgrades without increasing heat, power consumption, or physical size. Now, automation and robotics, where we continue to innovate and secure highly strategic foundational sockets for the next generation of physical AI. During the quarter, we secured a strategic design win with a leading Asian robotics developer who selected our discrete, high-precision current sensors to monitor the heavy power loads across their humanoid's primary drive joints. Earlier this month, we also secured a major win with a leading Chinese humanoid supplier. This humanoid company selected our market-leading, high-precision, inductive position sensor ICs for their large joints. This program will use approximately 60 ICs per humanoid and ramps to production within six months. While advanced robotics represents a multi-year revenue ramp, our design and momentum today is establishing our foundational market share for the future. Humanoid robotic hands also present extreme spatial and thermal constraints well aligned to our integration capabilities at Allegro. I'm excited to share that in fiscal Q3, we will begin sampling our newest robotics innovation, the industry's first fully integrated magnetic sensor and motor driver IC designed specifically for humanoid hands and fingers. By combining high precision TMR magnetic sensors and intelligent power drivers into a single ultra-compact chip, we are giving robotics designers the exact component they need to achieve near-human dexterity. Early customer interest is incredibly strong, which is a great proof point in our strategy to further increase our dollar content per humanoid through the release of highly differentiated integrated IC solutions for the hand. Sales to other industrial end markets, which include personal and industrial transport, broad-based industrial, medical, energy infrastructure, and consumer, delivered a fourth sequential quarterly increase in sales. We are encouraged by the broad underlying adoption of our technologies across this highly diversified customer base. Looking ahead, we view energy infrastructure as a particularly exciting future growth vector for our business. As the AI data center build-out accelerates, it is driving an urgent need for solid-state transformers, solid-state circuit breakers, and battery energy storage systems. Within our energy infrastructure business in Q2, our silicon carbide high voltage gate driver secured its first major design win with a leading solar provider for their next generation inverters. This win serves as a fantastic initial validation of our new technology. We are seeing strong accelerating pipeline growth across the high voltage gate driver portfolio. In Energy Infrastructure, EV Traction Inverters, and Data Center and Power Infrastructure. To wrap up, the leading indicators across our business give us high confidence in our path to exceed our target model of mid-teens annual sales growth. With record design needs, robust backlog, and expanding content in our target markets, we are extremely well positioned at the intersection of the world's most critical megatrends. I'll now turn the call over to Derek to provide additional color on our financial performance as well as our third quarter outlook.

Thank you, Mike, and good morning, everyone. Starting with our second quarter results, sales were $277 million and non-GAAP earnings per share were 26 cents. As a percentage of sales, gross margin was 51.5 percent, operating margin was 20.6 percent, and adjusted EBDA margin was 25 percent. Total Q2 sales increased by 7% sequentially and 29% year-over-year. Sales to our automotive customers increased by 4% quarter-to-quarter to $173 million and by 11% year-over-year. I'd also like to mention that auto inventories remain lean and we do not see signs of restocking in the quarter. In addition, our forward-looking metrics give us confidence in continued automotive sales growth. As Mike mentioned, a lot of design wins achieved a new record in the second quarter with demand strong across all regions. And bookings were up 33% sequentially and 50% year-over-year. Industrial and other sales increased by 11% sequentially and 79% year-over-year to $104 million, surpassing $100 million in industrial and other sales as an Allegro first. Data center sales in Q2 were a record $46 million, growing more than 150% year-over-year, and remain on track to more than double our data center sales in fiscal 27. From a product perspective, magnetic sensor sales increased by 5% sequentially to $158 million, and 21% year-over-year. Sales of our power products increased by 9% sequentially, to $119 million in 42% European Europe. Sales by geography on a ship-to basis were as follows. 33% of sales in what we term rest of Asia, which includes Korea, Taiwan, and India, 25% of sales in China, 16% in Japan, 14% of sales in the Americas, and 12% in Europe. Sales to all geographies grew sequentially and year-over-year in fiscal Q2. Now turning to Q2 profitability. Gross margin in the second quarter was 51.5%, an increase of another 40 basis points sequentially from 51.1%, and 190 basis point improvement from Q2 of last year, driven largely by operating leverage. Beyond outgrowing our target markets, operational excellence and gross margin expansion remain top priorities. To help mitigate industry-wide input cost inflation, we are aggressively executing on many fronts. First, we are driving factory efficiencies in bill of material transitions. An example of this is converting parts from gold to copper wire where technically feasible. With shipments of these new copper products beginning in fiscal Q3, We are structurally lowering our manufacturing costs to directly offset raw material inflation. Second, we are implementing strategic price increases. These are balanced and intended to protect gross margins. Pricing actions to date have largely been within our industrial and catalog businesses with the majority of auto contract renewals and price increases effective January 1st. As a result of these and other actions, we expect to continue to make meaningful progress towards our gross margin target of greater than 55%. Moving down to P&L, operating expenses were $86 million within our expectations at this sales level. Operating margin was 20.6% of sales compared to 19.4% in Q1 and an increase of 670 basis points compared to 13.9% in Q2 of fiscal 2026. The effective tax rate for the quarter was 10.2%. Interest expense was $4 million. The second quarter diluted share count was 188 million shares and net income was $48 million. EPS was 26 cents and increased by 13% sequentially and 100% year over year on sales increases of 7% and 29% respectively, demonstrating a significant operating leverage

and our business model.

Moving to the balance sheet and cash flow, we ended Q2 with total cash of $201 million. Q2 cash flow from operations was $37 million. CapEx was $6 million and free cash flow was $31 million. We ended Q2 with term loan debt of $285 million and net debt of $84 million. From a working capital perspective, second quarter DSO was 36 days, consistent with 35 days in Q1, and inventory days were 117, down from 128 days in fiscal Q1. Finally, I'll now turn to our Q3 fiscal 2027 outlook. We expect third quarter sales to be in the range of $278 to $288 million. The midpoint of this range equates to a 23% year-over-year increase. Additionally, we expect the following all on a non-GAAP basis. Gross margin to be between 51.5% and 52.5%. Operating expenses are expected to be $87 million, plus or minus $1 million. Interest expense is projected to be $4 million. and we also made another voluntary debt payment of $25 million on September 30th, which falls within our fiscal Q3. We expect our tax rate to be 10%. We estimate that our weighted average diluted share count will be 188 million shares. And as a result, we expect non-GAAP EPS to be between 25 and 29 cents per share, with the midpoint of this range implying an 80% year-over-year increase. Now, I'll turn the call back over to Jalene for your questions.

Thank you, Derek. This concludes management's prepared remarks. Before we open the call for your questions, I'd like to share our third fiscal quarter conference lineup with you. We will attend RBC's Global Technology, Internet, Media, and Telecommunications Conference on November 17th in New York City, the 30th Annual UBS Global Technology and AI Conference on December 1st and 2nd in Scottsdale, Arizona, Wells Fargo's 10th Annual TMT Summit on December 8th in Rancho Palos Verdes, California Barclays 25th Annual Global Technology Conference on December 9th at San Francisco and finally the 55th Annual NASDAQ Investor Conference in association with Morgan Stanley on December 9th in London. We will now open the call for your questions. Victor, please review Q&A instructions.

Thank you. As a reminder to ask a question, you will need to press star 1-1 on your telephone and wait for your name to be announced. To withdraw your question, please press star 1-1 again. To provide the opportunity for everyone to ask a question, please leave me to 1 with one follow-up. Please stand by while we compile the Q&A roster. One moment for our first question. Our first question on Confline, Joe Quattrocchi from Wells Fargo. Your line is open.

Yeah, thanks for taking the question. You know, you talked about accelerating demand, you know, and being green lights, flashing green lights for demand and obviously solid design when activity. Can you help us understand, you know, I think last quarter you talked about maybe, you know, some delinquencies increasing and just Thank you for joining us.

Let me add more color to that. At the wafer level, we are not seeing many constraints. What we're seeing is some constraint at back end, particularly in test. And when I look at FQ2, there were not any major constraints at test in FQ2. They start to show up a little bit more in FQ3, but through good use of capital, we were trying to get ahead of the growth market. We will be rolling on capacity in both FQ3 and FQ4 to stay ahead of the group.

Joe, I'll just add, this is Derek. The capacity constraints are really mixed dependent within test. And in addition to having ample space in our Philippines facility, we began shipping from our Chinese backend OSAT that's doing probe assembly and test. And we have OSATs that have capacity for the assembly side of things.

That's helpful. And then maybe just as a follow up, You know, industrial was strong. I think, you know, the other industrial was a bit stronger than we had anticipated. So just kind of curious if you could double click on just what was the key driver of non-data center industrial this quarter.

Yeah, absolutely, Joe. So, you know, first and foremost, we have the luxury of having a set of broad industrial applications that are generally tied to some of these high growth megatrends. and part of what we're seeing that touches upon that is that we see data center having a bit of a halo effect on our energy infrastructure business. That's definitely something we're seeing somewhat broadly. And if we look at FQ2 in particular, we are benefiting from some sensor share gains for magnetic sensors and medical and we've seen a boost for our sales into the personal mobility market. I think net-net, it all just says that we have a broad basket of growth applications in our industrial sales, and they're starting to fire on more cylinders.

Thanks. Thank you. Our next question will come from the line of Tom O'Malley from Barclays. Your line is open.

Hey, guys. Thanks for taking my questions. So data center in the September quarter is up two sequentially, still growing really nicely year over year. But maybe you could call out why some more muted growth versus the last couple of quarters. And then traditionally, you give current sensors as a percentage of that data center bucket. If you could provide that, that'd be great as well.

Sure. Thank you, Tom. So look, there's lots of good growth statistics at our data center business and FQ2. The one that I'm most focused on, we mentioned that our FQ2 data center business grew more than 150% year over year. On top of that, what's encouraging for me, when we look at these design wins with our current sensors, current sensors are the next wave of growth in our data center business. In the quarter, our design wins for current sensors and data center more than doubled. We still are very bullish about our data center business. It's on track to more than double an FY27, as we said before. And we're basically marching down this path. We've talked about dollar content growing from $150 per rack to more than $425. And with all the good statistics for sharing, the design wins, the momentum, I talked about all these positive hallway conversations with sales and marketing people. We feel like we're marching down that dollar content path for sure. In specific regard to current sensors, we did split out that number last quarter. We don't plan to share that every quarter. We gave that number just to show you the current sensor story is real and to give you a bit of a magnitude within our data center business. And because that is the bigger growth driver going forward than our motor drivers, and we're very happy about that being the case, we just wanted you to see that it's becoming a meaningful piece of our revenue.

Gotcha, super helpful. And then as my follow-up, if I look at the auto business as a whole, when you look at Focus Auto versus eMobility, that percentage, when I look over kind of the last, since June of kind of 25, it's kind of trended in that 55 to 57% range in terms of kind of like the mix of what you would call a faster growing stuff to like core auto. Maybe talk about why that spread isn't widening. All the data I see is kind of EVs doing a bit better more broadly. I know that you guys have some good content there. Would you expect in a year's time from now to see more divergence amongst those two buckets? Thank you.

So if the question is truly do we expect to see divergence in the growth rate between XEV and ADAS and the rest of auto, I would say we absolutely expect to see that and mostly because we have been seeing that over time. I think right now there is a little bit of an impact of thin inventory levels in auto where we just find ourselves servicing customers that may need parts because they're a little under-inventoried and that can create some quarter-to-quarter shifts in the ADAS and XEV versus ICE and in-cabin revenues that you see within a quarter. But there's no doubt in my mind that the divergence will continue when you look at XEV and ADAS in terms of it having a very healthy automotive growth rate. When I look back to what we put forward at our analyst day and you look at the SAM for XEV and ADAS that we put out at the time, that had an 18% CAGR. and so that's obviously a segment in the automotive market that's going to outgrow the rest of the market and it's a segment where we're doing very, very well and as we've noted in the past, more than 50% of our automotive revenue today is in those two growth segments.

Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question will come from Chris Casso from Wolf Research. Your line is open.

Yes, good morning. The first question is on auto, and I guess to answer your previous question, you talked about the automotive customers being lean on inventory and the prepared marks you talked about that you hadn't seen restocking. You know, we have seen, you know, some of the Tier 1s starting to express some desire to have some safety stock in place. Maybe you can comment more broadly on what you're seeing from those customers with regard to inventory. and do you expect them to start to begin restocking now and if so, under what timeframe?

Yeah, thanks, Chris. This is Mike. So, you know, we have a team of talented people that's close to our customers that goes out and they scan tier one automotive inventory level through direct conversations and we review that in our monthly business review. And what we're seeing are still many customers with very low sync digit weeks of inventory. So your next question was, are people talking about building strategic inventory? What I would say is that people are now at least talking about trying to get out of the mode where they're trying to survive on very thin inventories, and we're having direct conversations about what would it look like to bump up that thin level of inventory, but there has not been much activity. It's mostly been conversations at this point regarding that type of inventory discussion.

Okay, great. Thank you. The second question is with regard to pricing, and just a few questions in that. If you could talk about was pricing a significant factor in even a September quarter result to December quarter guide? And, you know, as you go forward with this, because you've already absorbed the cost, it sounds like the pricing, there'd be a bigger impact as you went into next year as you have the annual pricing contracts. Will that be accretive to gross margins when that occurs?

Yeah, Chris, this is Derek. In Q2, pricing was not a meaningful impact to our results in the September quarter. It was largely a volume of the increase both quarter to quarter and year over year. And the reason for that is twofold. One is we're still incurring the headwinds from pricing resets with auto customers 10 months ago on January 1st of 2026. that go through the full year of 2026. And the second reason is we're starting to increase prices with the long tail of the catalog business in Q2. There will be more meaningful price increases in Q3 in respect to the bigger, broader industrial section of our business. And then as I mentioned, we'll have price increases with our auto customers on January 1st. And what typically happens actually is the pricing impacts that quarter immediately. So in many years when we have price downs in that quarter, we see the down in that quarter. In the year 2023, we saw the up immediately. The cost increases actually roll in about a quarter or two later after they cycle out of inventory into the P&L.

Right. So that would imply some favorable impact on gross margins in the first quarter as a result if that occurs.

That's correct. We'll see favorable impact to gross margins in both the third quarter here, likely marginal in the fourth quarter with the combination of those two things and then in the first quarter of next year as well. Great. Thank you. You're welcome.

And our next question will come from Blaine Curtis from Jefferies. Your line is open.

Hey, guys. Good morning. Thanks for taking my question. I just wanted to go back to the data center. I mean, it was growing spectacularly. I think one of the fastest growing businesses out there. I just kind of wanted to understand, you know, the more flatter September. I don't know if you could point out what, you know, whether it's just customer lumpiness, but I'm just more importantly want to just talk about the reacceleration in that business. You talked about winds doubling. Maybe give us some context as to the timing of when those could layer in and the length of visibility.

Yeah, Blaine, this is Mike. I'm actually glad you asked because there's some clear explanations there, and they're all good ones. So, you know, when you look at our June ending quarter, that was a monster growth quarter. I believe data center was up more than 30% that quarter. And what was happening there was customers responding to some of these big new programs that were getting ready to ramp. What's happened since then, and there's nothing bad about this, it's just a lumpiness or timing issue, as you noted. Those big programs were pushed out by a quarter or two, and that's one of the reasons that we're just seeing a bit of more muted growth rates quarter over quarter. This quarter, the data center growth was 4%, so it did achieve a new record, but when we think about the roll-on of these big programs, there's the potential for much higher numbers. and nothing has changed in that regard. These big programs are on the come and they will happen in the very near future. For your awareness, the pushouts seem to be related to the delay of some 800 volt programs with the hyperscalers.

Thanks. And then maybe on the auto side, you had a lot of good commentary on the design pipeline there as well. I don't know if you're still giving out the focus auto number, but I'd be curious if so. And then I just wanted to understand the the drivers of the growth or the recovery ADAS versus EV if there was any difference.

Yeah, Blaine, I'll start with just the numbers. So interestingly, both Focus Auto and sort of ICE slash Safety, Comfort, and Convenience both grew 4% sequentially and 11% year over year. And as Mike said, some of that comes down to what we're shipping in the quarter. So the preponderance of our design wins, which Michael elaborated on, continue to be in that sort of ADAS, XEV, Thanks, Seth. Thanks, Seth.

I can just add a little bit. When we think of the dollar content story in auto, and I know you know it well, Blaine, but we go from this theoretical Allegro content to $40 in an ICE car, $60 in an EV, $100 in a BEV. When we see these winds coming through, the dollar content story is alive and well, and if anything, getting stronger. You know, we talked about meaningful big new wins in auto in our prepared remarks. Auto bookings are up 50% year over year. And, you know, when I see some of the results of our innovations, whether it's higher speed current sensors that are taking share, the high voltage isolated gate drivers are gaining strong momentum with automotive customers. So that dollar content evolution is alive and well. In our analyst day, we talked about growing auto with a CAGR greater than 10%. and as we head into FY28, we are very confident that we can deliver on those types of numbers going forward.

There's just a lot of good momentum.

Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question will come from Gary Mobley from StoneX. Your line is open.

Good morning, everybody. Thanks for taking my question, and let me extend my congrats to the strong start to the fiscal year. You guys have highlighted for several quarters strong design win, lifetime value, I think up 35% in the first half of this fiscal year, up 30% in fiscal year 26. So the question is, you know, why only a long-term target of mid-teens percent revenue growth? Is that design wind momentum diluted by some catalog business? Is it a function of a lag? If you can comment on that, that'd be helpful.

Sure, Gary. This is Mike. And, you know, we made some remarks in the prepared remarks about how we feel like we're ahead of our analyst day ambitions. And one of those clear ambitions was to grow at a mid-teens level. And with all the positive signals we're seeing, we believe we have the potential to exceed that number. The formula was pretty simple. We said we would grow our automotive business north of 10% and that we would grow our industrial business closer to 20%. And we're seeing such strong momentum in the data center and across our industrial markets. We talked about the dollar content story in automotive. So we're feeling quite good about our potential to grow and to grow meaningfully going forward.

It's helpful, Mike. And you guys were clear that your automotive distribution inventory and maybe direct inventory as well is just kind of bumping along the bottom. But what about overall distribution inventory? Are you still within the 10 to 12 week target range?

Yeah, Gary, it's actually smack in the middle of that range on a global basis, and it's been there for the last three quarters. We had another record POS quarter, and in fact, pockets of our distribution channel probably have leaner inventories than we would like, and we'll continue to fill those spots, but it's right in the range we would like it to be on an aggregate basis. Thanks, Derek.

Thank you. And our next question will come from the line of Quinn Bolton from Needham and Company. Your line is open.

Hey, guys. Thanks for taking my question. I guess just looking to the December quarter, can you give us a sense, do you think you see fairly balanced growth between auto and industrial, just one lead growth in the December quarter, and then a kind of follow-up on isolated gate drivers?

Sure, Quinn. The December quarter historically, even pre our IPO, has historically been down 5%, right? So we're guiding up at the midpoint 2% sequentially and 23% year over year. So it's above seasonal. That long pocket of industrial, other industrial, if you will, declines in the December quarter as distributors in Europe, the United States, Japan take a little break at the end of the year. So I expect that December quarter to be led by auto with continued strength in data centers. Great.

And then on the isolated gate driver, I think you talked about your first win for isolated gate driver and solar. I wasn't sure if that was the first design win for that product family in total or whether it was just in solar. And then in the quarter, I think you introduced a new isolated gate driver. I know in the past you've talked about a second generation isolated gate driver family. wondering if this new product is part of that second-generation isolated gate driver family that I think in the past we've talked about drives even higher dollar content per rack opportunities in the data center business.

Yeah, thanks, Quinn. This is Mike. So we have had wins with the isolated gate drivers. I think what's exciting about this one we called out in the prepared remarks is that it's of a different magnitude. It's a larger win. The energy infrastructure space looks and feels a lot like the same power electronics used in many of the data center areas, so we're quite excited about that. Maybe it doesn't directly address your question, but when we talk about momentum in the isolated gate drivers, we're also seeing perhaps stronger than expected momentum in solid-state circuit breakers in the data center. We continue to see new applications that are believing in the value proposition of our parts and it gives us the feeling that we could accelerate the ramp of our isolated gate drivers going forward. As for these Gen 2 products you mentioned, they are sampling in this current quarter. There's a ton of customer interest and that, again, will just be a next wave of momentum within the product line. Great.

Thanks, Mike.

Thank you. And our next question will come from Vijay Rakesh from Mizuho. Your line is open.

Yeah, hi. Thanks, Mike and Derek. Just a quick question on the data center side. It looks like that $150 to $325 per rack jump, some of it is from the isolated gate drivers. When you start to see the 800-volt isolated gate driver start to ship or start to ramp up, I guess, Is that second half 27, or how should we think about it?

Yeah, thanks, Vijay. So, yeah, just to make sure we have the numbers straight, the numbers we're talking about are $150 per rack growing to $425. And I've said previously that of that $425, two-thirds of that comes from motor drivers and current sensors. But if you look a little farther out in time, the isolated gate drivers will add hundreds of dollars on top of that $425. And your question is, When could that begin? In prior calls, I've called out an 18 to 24-month horizon for the ramp in the data center for the isolating gate drivers. With some of the new programs we're seeing, some of the first ones are small but still meaningful. I think we could beat that previously mentioned timing, but only time will tell.

Got it. And on the gross margin side, Derek, obviously the long-term greater than 55% gross margin. How should we think about it, you know, the puts and takes between pricing, mix, and I guess foundry? Thanks.

Yeah, so we had our analyst day, you know, about seven months ago now. And in that quarter, we were still sub-50 on gross margins. We're guiding to a midpoint of 52% here in the third quarter. So I would say we're making very meaningful progress towards that mid-50s. And we don't intend to stop at that mid-50s. Once we get to that point, we'll keep going, of course, and update the model. The biggest drivers of that continue to be operating leverage. So year over year, the 290 basis point increase year over year, and the increase quarter over quarter was operating leverage. And then I talked about earlier in the question, we're still dealing with the headwinds of pricing resets from auto customers 10 months ago. We will get that benefit as we roll that forward next year. But going forward the next couple of years to get to that mid-50s operating leverage is by far the number one piece. Bill of material manufacturing cost reductions we talked about is also very significant. I talked about on previous calls how the copper to gold transition or gold to copper transition, that's been a headwind of about 200 basis points over the last couple of years with a rapid increase in gold. And of course, pricing actions will play a part in the next couple of years expected to at least be neutral to gross margins. And then as some of the questions came up around TMR and isolated gate drivers, as we have a more technology-rich portfolio, we get a better mix on that as well.

Thank you.

Thank you.

And the next question will come from the line of Vivek Arya from Bank of America. Your line is open.

Hi, this is Liam Farr on for Vivek. Thank you for taking my questions. Given the strong bookings, how should we think about that gap turning into revenue? Is it backlog building for just fiscal 28, or are some customers ordering further out because of supply? And on design wins, what's that typical lag to revenue by market, and does this specific quarters mix skew that in any direction?

So this is Derek. I'll start with the booking side of the equation, which is obviously orders that are on the books, right? So we have orders on the books now going out a couple of quarters. We continue to probe to make sure that that's really good about the next couple of quarters based upon those orders that are on the books. Some of it is now starting to go into FY28 just given our lead times at this point in time.

And then on design wins, you know, you have sort of a bifurcated market. I talked about some data center and robotics design wins that Most recent trends are that we will get to official design win stage and ramp those businesses typically within six to 12 months. Those are just very fast moving markets. In automotive, it's becoming more and more common in a world of EVs where the time from design win to program ramp can also be under a year, sometimes as long as 18 months. But I did mention in the prepared remarks, some of the wins that we secured within FQ2 would ramp within the next 12 months. So The automotive innovators are starting to go from design wind to production ramp faster than what I would say we saw three or four years ago.

Got it. Very helpful. Thank you. And then when it comes to data center, obviously the entire data center supply chain is quite tight. Can you describe how you're seeing visibility into fiscal 28? And when we're thinking about fiscal 27 more than doubling, should we think about fiscal 27 as a kind of normalized trend? So let me kind of answer those questions in reverse. When I think of the growth rate of our business, our data center business going forward, I'm always looking at the CapEx spending trends.

and there are some pretty broad ranges for calendar year 27, but they tend to range from what I've seen, no expert, but somewhere between 30 to 80%. And that's what we sort of take to talk to our customers and say, hey, here's the data, now how do you help us figure out the right look into the next 12, 15, 18 months to prepare our capacity? And as we become A more major data center player, we have very formalized PBRs with our data center customers. We all bring the statistics to the meetings, and we have pretty meaningful discussions about what's to come over the next 12 to 18 months.

Thank you.

Thank you. Our next question will come from the line of Srini Pajuri from RBC Capital Markets. Your line is open.

Thank you. Good morning, guys. A couple of clarifications. First, on the balance sheet inventory, Derek, it's been coming down, and given your commentary about, you know, the bookings and the visibility, I would have thought, you know, you would build some inventory. If you can comment about, you know, whether supply is becoming an issue or, you know, if that is becoming a constraint, and then I have a follow-up.

Srini, first of all, welcome. So the decrease in inventory quarter over quarter was primarily finished goods as we shipped a couple of million dollars of finished goods to satisfy demand, particularly within distributors. Our wafer and our die bank inventory, which is something we watch very closely, is still healthy. We feel like we're not wafer constrained at this point. As Mike talked about, to the extent that there are any capacity constraints, it's sort of mix dependent and really back end and specifically test.

And Derek, on the, you know, I mean, I guess the input cost inflation that you talked about, would you say most of that is behind us now or do you still anticipate, you know, as you, I guess, you know, to the extent you have visibility from your suppliers? Is that an ongoing thing, I guess, you know, for the next six to 12 months or are we mostly behind it?

Unfortunately, it's an ongoing thing, Srini, right? So just like many of our auto contracts begin on January 1, wafer supply contracts also begin on January 1. There's some increases there. Many other contracts also begin around that January 1 timeframe. You know, commodities have, I would say, started to level off but are up significantly over the last three years. Energy costs are certainly continuing to increase and people costs are continuing to increase. So that's why we're driving very aggressively on multiple fronts to mitigate those and improve gross margin.

Got it. And then maybe one more for Mike, if I may. Mike, you mentioned the design wind momentum on the humanoid side. Maybe talk about how much of your revenue today comes from the market and where do you see that going in the next 12 to 18 months? Thank you.

Thank you, Srini. Yeah, so last quarter, we said that in FY27, our factory automation and robotics revenue would be in a range of 3% to 4% of overall sales. And we did that for one clear reason, because when we look at the dollar content opportunity in humanoid robotics relative to the types of robots we sell into today, there's a huge multiple there. I think on the low end of that range, the multiple something like 3x more content, on the high end, you could say 10x. And we wanted to tell folks that, hey, when you're talking about a multiplier of 3x or 10x on top of a business that's already 3% to 4% of revenue, this is a meaningful driver for the future growth rate of the company. And with each of these wins we talk about, It really is validating to us and hence we want to share the validation with you that when we say we have $150 of theoretical content in a humanoid and you see these wins where we get 60 ICs in a single robot in a single win, it's just validating that this should be a strong growth driver for Allegro in the coming years.

Thank you. And our next question will come from Joshua Buchalter from TD Callen. Your line is open.

Hey, guys. Thanks for squeezing me in, and congrats on the results. I wanted to follow up on some previous comments about the 800-volt pushout slowing your data center growth in the quarter. I mean, I'd always thought of your exposure primarily related to the, you know, motor drivers to air cooling. I guess how much of your data center business today or over the next couple quarters would you expect to be driven by that 800-volt transition? Like how big of a variable is that? Thank you.

Yeah, thanks, Josh. It's Mike. So, you know, last quarter, again, we're not going to give this out every quarter, but we mentioned that of our total data center business, 22% was from current sensors. And we did that to point out that these current sensors, they're only being used more or less in power supplies or power systems within the data center. And that's why we believe it's such a big growth driver. These sensors are useful at 400 volts. They're even more useful at 800 volts. So as we continue to take in more new wins into the business funnel, Sure, some of them continue to be high-voltage AC platforms, but we're starting to see an increasing number of 800-volt DC platforms. And in those first 800-volt programs, we're quite pleased with the amount of content we have there. And we just believe, in general, the more power consumed in the data center, that's better both for our fan drivers, but particularly for our current sensors.

Okay, that's super helpful context. Context. Thank you, Mike. I guess on a similar topic, we've all seen the renewed optimism. It's developed and sort of picked up even more recently on the server CPU side. Any help you can give us on how much of your data center business is tied to accelerated servers versus CPUs? Have you seen a meaningful uptick in the underlying air cooling business, or is that still on the come? Thank you.

Yeah, thanks, Josh. So maybe just at a higher level, it's We actually like seeing more CPUs for our fan business because the trend is clearly that there'll be some and maybe significant liquid cooling on the GPU side. So where is our fan growth going to come from? It's going to come from cooling CPUs and then particularly the big uptick we're seeing is the cooling opportunity in power supplies where they don't have any intention to liquid cool most of those power supplies. So we like seeing the resurgence in CPUs. It's good for the fan business, and that's why we've said so many times over that despite a world of liquid cooling, we believe that our fan business will grow over time.

Thanks, Mike.

Thank you. At this time, I'm showing no further questions in the queue. I would now like to turn it back over to Jalene for closing remarks.

Thank you Victor. This concludes today's call. Thank you all for joining us and taking the time to join this call this morning. We look forward to seeing you at conferences over the coming weeks.

Thank you for your participation in today's conference. This does include the program. You may now disconnect. Everyone have a great day.